Part 9: Challenges and Opportunities in Using Bioindicators for Wastewater TreatmentData Limitations:Although protozoan analysis and the Sludge ...
Published on by Hossein Ataei Far, Deputy Manager of the Research, Technology Development, and Industry Relations Center at NWWEC
Data Limitations:
Although protozoan analysis and the Sludge Biotic Index (SBI) offer crucial insights, their inability to directly correlate with soluble COD and BOD measurements limits their effectiveness as standalone monitoring tools.
Future Research Directions:
Investigating the interplay between soluble COD, BOD, and microfauna interactions in various treatment systems could significantly enhance the utility of bioindicator-based monitoring (Ren et al., 2022).
Best Practices for WWTP Operations:
Energy Efficiency
Transition to Fine-Bubble Diffusers: Improve aeration efficiency and reduce energy consumption by up to 50%【3】【6】.
Leverage SCADA Systems and AI-Driven Solutions: Dynamically adjust aeration based on real-time oxygen demand【4】【5】.
Conduct Energy Audits: Identify inefficiencies and implement corrective measures【1】【5】.
Sustainability Goals
Utilize Biogas Recovery Systems: Generate energy from anaerobic digestion processes to power critical operations while reducing external energy dependence【2】【5】.
Adopt Renewable Energy Sources: Integrate solar and wind power for sustainable energy supply in WWTPs【5】【6】.
Operational Optimization
Schedule Predictive Maintenance: Avoid system failures and inefficiencies through regular diffuser cleaning, blower servicing, and aeration tank inspections.
Collaborate with Research Institutions: Trial innovative solutions, such as next-generation bioreactors and enhanced aeration technologies【3】【6】.
Incorporating Bioindicators
Monitor Protozoan Populations: Routinely track populations to assess system health and identify potential imbalances early.
Use the Sludge Biotic Index (SBI): Employ SBI as a diagnostic tool to detect aeration issues and system imbalances before they escalate.
Conclusion:
The integration of advanced technologies with bioindicator monitoring enhances the operational efficiency of WWTPs. By leveraging real-time data from protozoan analysis and combining it with smart solutions like SCADA and AI, WWTPs can address energy inefficiencies, maintain balanced biological processes, and achieve sustainability goals. Continuous research and innovation, alongside adherence to best practices, will ensure that WWTPs remain efficient and environmentally responsible as they adapt to evolving challenges.
References:
[1] Drewnowski, et al. (2019).
[2] Sid, et al. (2017).
[3] Singh, et al. (2012).
[4] Water Environment Federation (WEF) (2021).
[5] Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
[6] European Commission (2022).
[7] Xiao, Y., et al. (2021).
[8] Zhang, Q., et al. (2023).
[9] Dos Santos, L. A., et al. (2014).
[10] Ren, Z., et al. (2022).
This picture is shown in the article prepared by Rudakova et. al., 2019.
Microorganisms-bioindicators of the active sludge: A -Tardigrada (with eggs), B -Epistylis, C -Rotifera, D -Arcella. Scale bars 100 µm.