A very good paper on GIS used for studying Water and sanitation

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Study of water supply & sanitation practices in India using geographic information systems: Some design & other
considerations in a village setting.

A paper by Srila Gopal, Rajiv Sarkar, Kalyan Banda, Jeyanthi Govindarajan, B.B. Harijan, M.B. Jeyakumar, Philip Mitta
M.E. Sadanala, Tryphena Selwyn, C.R. Suresh, V.A. Thomas, Pethuru Devadason, Ranjit Kumar
David Selvapandian, Gagandeep Kang* & Vinohar Balraj

http://icmr.nic.in/ijmr/2009/march/0304.pdf