This study is aimed at: (1) creating a deeper understanding of large-scale interconnections and relationships between key hydroclimatic variables based on observational data and (2) encouraging hydrologists to collaborate more closely with the earth system model (ESM) developers to enhance hydrological representations of ESMs.  Here are the main highlights from this study: - Soil moisture-runoff (along with precipitation-runoff) is the most strongly correlated variables while also being the most misrepresented in reanalysis and #ESMs - The closest large-scale co-variations of studied freshwater fluxes and storages in different climates are between soil moisture and runoff - Commonly expected blue-water precipitation-runoff and green-water precipitation-evapotranspiration co-variations are overall weaker - Models can perform well in simulating individual variables but fail to simulate co-variations between the same variables with considerable errors

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This study is aimed at: (1) creating a deeper understanding of large-scale interconnections and relationships between key hydroclimatic variables based on observational data and (2) encouraging hydrologists to collaborate more closely with the earth system model (ESM) developers to enhance hydrological representations of ESMs. 

Here are the main highlights from this study:

- Soil moisture-runoff (along with precipitation-runoff) is the most strongly correlated variables while also being the most misrepresented in reanalysis and #ESMs
- The closest large-scale co-variations of studied freshwater fluxes and storages in different climates are between soil moisture and runoff
- Commonly expected blue-water precipitation-runoff and green-water precipitation-evapotranspiration co-variations are overall weaker
- Models can perform well in simulating individual variables but fail to simulate co-variations between the same variables with considerable errors