What is a Membrane Filter and How Does It Work?

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What is a Membrane Filter and How Does It Work?
Membrane ​filters are ​thin plastic ​films with ​specific sizes ​of microspores. ​These filters ​are also known ​as screen, ​sieve or ​microporous ​filters. These ​are used ​separate out ​the microorganisms ​from various ​solutions, ​water and other ​liquid ​materials. The ​membrane ​utilizes ​various ​technologies ​such as reverse ​osmosis, ​ultrafiltration ​and nanofiltration ​and others for ​separating out ​the micro-​organisms. ​Membrane ​filters are ​used for ​various ​applications in ​different ​industries such ​as pharmaceutical,​ food & ​beverage, ​chemicals and ​others.​
Filter ​membranes have ​different ​configurations. ​There are ​reverse osmosis ​(RO) membranes, ​ultrafiltration ​(UF) membranes, ​and nanofiltration ​(NF) membranes. ​They all ​approach the ​membrane ​filtration ​process a ​little bit ​differently.​

Reverse ​osmosis- ​applies ​pressure to a ​semipermeable ​membrane that ​allows the ​water molecules ​to pass through ​while flushing ​the dissolved ​inorganic ​compounds to ​the drain. So ​it separates ​the water into ​two pathways.​

Ultrafiltration-​ doesn't ​separate the ​water like a ​reverse osmosis ​membrane. It ​actually is ​just an ultra-​fine particulate ​or sediment ​filter. With ​mechanical ​filtration ​particulate ​down to 0.025 ​microns cannot ​pass through ​the ultrafiltration ​membrane.​

Nanofiltration ​membrane ​technology ​works very ​similar to ​reverse osmosis,​ except the ​filtration is ​not quite as ​fine.

Membranes are ​made of ​different types ​of materials. ​With reverse ​osmosis, they'​re often ​referred to as ​thin-film ​composite ​membranes. ​Previously, the ​reverse osmosis ​membrane was ​made of ​cellulose ​triacetate or ​CTA. CTA ​membranes are ​no longer sold. ​They were the ​first version ​of the RO ​membrane and ​had a low pH ​tolerance. They ​didn't make a ​lot of water ​per square inch.​ Thin-film ​enables an RO ​system to make ​a lot of water ​in less space, ​which makes it ​possible to get ​larger ​membranes in ​smaller ​housings. This ​revolutionized ​the style of ​reverse osmosis ​membranes. UF ​uses the same ​kind of ​material with a ​slightly ​different ​formula.​

The global ​membrane ​filters is ​segmented on ​the basis of ​technology, ​design, ​material and ​application. ​Based on the ​technology the ​market is ​segmented as ​microfiltration,​ reverse ​osmosis, ​ultrafiltration,​ membrane ​chromatography, ​nanofiltration, ​and others. On ​the basis of ​design the ​market is ​divided into ​tubular systems,​ spiral wound, ​plate & frame ​and hollow ​fiber. On the ​basis of ​material the ​market is ​categorized as ​polyethersulfone ​(PES), ​cellulose-based,​ polysulfone (​PS), polytetrafluoroethylene​ ​(PTFE), ​polyvinyl ​chloride (PVC), ​polyacrylonitrile​ ​(PAN), and ​others. And ​based on the ​application the ​market is ​classified as ​diagnosis, drug ​discovery and ​development, ​and esearch & ​academic ​applications

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