New Technique to Identify Micropollutants in Waterways

Cornell engineers have developed a new technique to test for a wide range of micropollutants in lakes, rivers and other potable water sources that vastly outperforms conventional methods.

Damian Helbling, left, and Amy Pochodylo, M.S. ’14, examine samples of New York waterways in a search for previously undetected micropollutants; Robyn Wishna/Provided

“Water quality monitoring is conventionally done by narrowly investigating one or a few contaminants at a time. We aimed to develop an analytical method that would be as broad as possible,” said Damian Helbling, assistant professor of civil and environmental engineering. Helbling and Amy Pochodylo, M.S. ’14, published their research as the cover story in the journal Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology.

“We demonstrate that our approach can more than double the amount of information that would otherwise be obtained from more conventional methods,” Helbling said, “This has important implications for risk characterization and exposure assessment.”

The new technique – using high-resolution mass spectrometry – assessed 18 water samples collected from New York state waterways. A total of 112 so-called micropollutants were found in at least one of the samples – chemicals including pharmaceuticals, pesticides and personal care products. Helbling said that eight of the chemicals were found in every sample and dozens more were found in most samples.

Helbling and Pochodylo refer to their approach as ' suspect screening'.  The spectrometer analyzed the chemical composition of the water samples and the researchers compared the resulting data with a large list of 1,100 “suspect chemicals” by employing a nimble data-mining algorithm.

The unmasked contaminants read like a soup recipe concocted in a pharmacist’s nightmare, as they found anticonvulsants (levetiracetam), antihistamines (fexofenadine) and muscle relaxants (carisoprodol, metaxalone and methocarbamol) – all chemicals that have rarely been reported as water contaminants and some of which are being reported for the first time.

Prominent chemicals found in New York’s waterways include triclosan, an anti-bacterial agent found in liquid hand soaps and toothpaste; the anesthetic and heart medicine lidocaine; diethyl-phthalate, a component of plastics; and the herbicide atrazine.

Helbling hopes that local and regional stakeholders – responsible for ensuring that waterways are monitored effectively – adopt their approach.

“It is no secret that the chemicals we use in our daily lives often find their way into our air and water. This work contributes to our understanding of the specific types of chemicals that influence our water resources,” he said, noting that he believes this broad method will one day become routine in monitoring. “This is probably several years down the line.”

Read more at: Cornell Chronicle

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Taxonomy

• Contaminant Removal
• Water Quality
• River Studies
• Environmental Impact
• Resource Conservation
• Contaminants
• Pollution
• Laboratory Testing
• Monitoring