So did any of these initiatives get independent of the funding subsidy? There are few examples of this---that is why "subsidy" is not a welcome word in WASH. It is hard for Westerners to understand low-cash economies and that people will not pay for things they can make or do without. Also, many WASH technologies can be made with little money. Aid organizations and foundations should focus on this, instead of creating a whole industry of WASH workers and NGOs that "introduce" technologies for decades. I like the Megh Pyne Abhiyan (Bihar, India) and CITA (Mexico) models of demonstrating solutions.

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So did any of these initiatives get independent of the funding subsidy? There are few examples of this---that is why "subsidy" is not a welcome word in WASH. It is hard for Westerners to understand low-cash economies and that people will not pay for things they can make or do without. Also, many WASH technologies can be made with little money. Aid organizations and foundations should focus on this, instead of creating a whole industry of WASH workers and NGOs that "introduce" technologies for decades. I like the Megh Pyne Abhiyan (Bihar, India) and CITA (Mexico) models of demonstrating solutions.