I think that this solution is useful even in this case. http://www.spawhe.eu/the-sustainable-future-of-environment-energy-food-and-labour/ VERTICAL DESALINATORS - DEMINERALIZERS BY ION EXCHANGE WITH HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY PRODUCTION Abstract The state of the art in the development of desalination and demineralization treatment of marine and brackish water has been conditioned, as many other industrial systems, depuration, energy and protective of the environment, by the absence of synergies between the pumps and hydraulic turbines and from the incorrect approach to the gravitational force, which is not to be won by lifting hydraulic but sustained, with a one-way circulation of water in open reservoirs, upper seats that double as hydraulic backflow preventers. With the triple synergy between the dual supply pumps, turbines and recycling of water in an open vessel, applying hydraulic principles known for centuries, such as the principle of communicating vessels, the laws of Bernoulli and Pascal, strategically placing the electric double suction pumps between a high positive hydraulic head and the turbines, dimensioned for the exploitation of the same hydraulic load, the pumps, working with a balanced load, with a small energy consumption, they win the state of inertia, allowing the energy transformation of pressure of the intubate water column overlying the pump, into kinetic energy and transferring it to the turbines, which produce energy. These spheres, floating climbing ion exchanger and descend by gravity, emptying water in downhill tubes. By means of diverters change the path compared to the flow to be immersed in the washing tanks and regeneration of the resins, and reinserted again, indefinitely, in ion exchange circuit without interruption of the desalination 5 cycle and energy production and without costs for heating the water or replace the membranes. The demineralized water serving for the washing of the resins is produced by continuing the process through a mini system completely similar to the main that part from the desalinated water tank. If men want to produce desalinated water in industrial quantities that serve humanity, also desalination plants, as purifiers and water lifting and distribution, must become producers of energy, not consumers, supporting, not opposing gravitational forces. The sustainability of global systems is not based on complicated technology but on synergies between simple and rational systems. Description In the present state of the technique of desalination and demineralization are headed three types of installations: by evaporation, permeation through membranes, for ion exchange. Currently, the difference between the three systems, mentioned above, makes it especially the cost of treatment. That evaporative, produces water free of mineral salts and with acid pH, therefore for the use of water is required a subsequent mineralization and neutralization of the pH. The filtration with membranes entails high operating pressures, therefore high energy consumption and the high cost of the membranes, which periodically must be replaced. The one with the ion exchange resins involve a complex filtration, washing and regeneration circuit of the resin, with reverse flows that involves the dispersion of apart of the resins in waste waters of the processes. All processes are heavy on energy consumption for heating or for circulating pressurized water in filtration and regeneration systems. The operating costs are around 1.5 euro / mc with reverse osmosis plants, which are the most used, but also the investment costs are significant, being about 1000 Euros per m3 / day of desalinated water produced. It 'obvious that with these production and investment costs, the desalinated water can be used only for potable use. It 's impossible to think to use it for industry and agriculture. With the solution that proposes the agricultural and industrial use will become a competitive reality also with wells and other purification systems, which are in any case forced to treat polluted water, or with scarce mineral requirements. In fact, the sea water being rich in mineral salts, If desalination becomes sustainable, can become the best natural fertilizer for land, being able to send the 6 same water can be used as fertilizer treated tailored to the target terrain, both in terms of mineral salts that alkalinity. For transport the desalinated water to considerable distance there is no problem, because with the dual supply pumps coupled to the hydraulic turbines, also the transport and the lifting of the water becomes a source of energy, not of consumption. In fact, the key to solving many environmental and energy problems, including desalination, is to realize Hydraulic and hydroelectric circuits using otherwise the pumps and turbines. At the state of the art the desalination system least used is the one with the ion exchange, but this system is the most suitable to be used in conjunction with the dual supply pumps and turbines, not having the necessity of high temperatures or high operating pressures than competing systems. Therefore, the high cost of the resins and of the reagents liquid, required for regeneration, can be largely compensated by low energy consumption, energy production produced by the plant and low cost required for plant, and low operating and maintenance costs. Furthermore, with the solution described below, it will also solved the problem of the dispersion of the resins in water and process liquids, being the resins contained and circulating (in water and chemical reagents) in perforated polyethylene spheres with holes pass below the size of the same. We can say, that the new solution is opposite to the current of ion exchange solutions, where the resins are stopped and the liquid passes through them, both in the reaction phase than in those of washing and regeneration. With the system proposed resins are circulating in the water and in the regenerating liquid, at low speeds, with long contact times, which provide capillaries contacts. For the circulation exploit physical principles, not energy. Over 90% of energy produced in the plant can be transferred to public power networks. Therefore, the facility is composed of a chemical part, an electromechanical and a hydraulic.

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I think that this solution is useful even in this case. http://www.spawhe.eu/the-sustainable-future-of-environment-energy-food-and-labour/

VERTICAL DESALINATORS - DEMINERALIZERS BY ION EXCHANGE WITH HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY PRODUCTION
Abstract The state of the art in the development of desalination and demineralization treatment of marine and brackish water has been conditioned, as many other industrial systems, depuration, energy and protective of the environment, by the absence of synergies between the pumps and hydraulic turbines and from the incorrect approach to the gravitational force, which is not to be won by lifting hydraulic but sustained, with a one-way circulation of water in open reservoirs, upper seats that double as hydraulic backflow preventers. With the triple synergy between the dual supply pumps, turbines and recycling of water in an open vessel, applying hydraulic principles known for centuries, such as the principle of communicating vessels, the laws of Bernoulli and Pascal, strategically placing the electric double suction pumps between a high positive hydraulic head and the turbines, dimensioned for the exploitation of the same hydraulic load, the pumps, working with a balanced load, with a small energy consumption, they win the state of inertia, allowing the energy transformation of pressure of the intubate water column overlying the pump, into kinetic energy and transferring it to the turbines, which produce energy. These spheres, floating climbing ion exchanger and descend by gravity, emptying water in downhill tubes. By means of diverters change the path compared to the flow to be immersed in the washing tanks and regeneration of the resins, and reinserted again, indefinitely, in ion exchange circuit without interruption of the desalination
5
cycle and energy production and without costs for heating the water or replace the membranes. The demineralized water serving for the washing of the resins is produced by continuing the process through a mini system completely similar to the main that part from the desalinated water tank. If men want to produce desalinated water in industrial quantities that serve humanity, also desalination plants, as purifiers and water lifting and distribution, must become producers of energy, not consumers, supporting, not opposing gravitational forces. The sustainability of global systems is not based on complicated technology but on synergies between simple and rational systems. Description
In the present state of the technique of desalination and demineralization are headed three types of installations: by evaporation, permeation through membranes, for ion exchange. Currently, the difference between the three systems, mentioned above, makes it especially the cost of treatment. That evaporative, produces water free of mineral salts and with acid pH, therefore for the use of water is required a subsequent mineralization and neutralization of the pH.
The filtration with membranes entails high operating pressures, therefore high energy consumption and the high cost of the membranes, which periodically must be replaced.
The one with the ion exchange resins involve a complex filtration, washing and regeneration circuit of the resin, with reverse flows that involves the dispersion of apart of the resins in waste waters of the processes.
All processes are heavy on energy consumption for heating or for circulating pressurized water in filtration and regeneration systems. The operating costs are around 1.5 euro / mc with reverse osmosis plants, which are the most used, but also the investment costs are significant, being about 1000 Euros per m3 / day of desalinated water produced. It 'obvious that with these production and investment costs, the desalinated water can be used only for potable use. It 's impossible to think to use it for industry and agriculture. With the solution that proposes the agricultural and industrial use will become a competitive reality also with wells and other purification systems, which are in any case forced to treat polluted water, or with scarce mineral requirements. In fact, the sea water being rich in mineral salts, If desalination becomes sustainable, can become the best natural fertilizer for land, being able to send the
6
same water can be used as fertilizer treated tailored to the target terrain, both in terms of mineral salts that alkalinity. For transport the desalinated water to considerable distance there is no problem, because with the dual supply pumps coupled to the hydraulic turbines, also the transport and the lifting of the water becomes a source of energy, not of consumption. In fact, the key to solving many environmental and energy problems, including desalination, is to realize Hydraulic and hydroelectric circuits using otherwise the pumps and turbines.
At the state of the art the desalination system least used is the one with the ion exchange, but this system is the most suitable to be used in conjunction with the dual supply pumps and turbines, not having the necessity of high temperatures or high operating pressures than competing systems. Therefore, the high cost of the resins and of the reagents liquid, required for regeneration, can be largely compensated by low energy consumption, energy production produced by the plant and low cost required for plant, and low operating and maintenance costs. Furthermore, with the solution described below, it will also solved the problem of the dispersion of the resins in water and process liquids, being the resins contained and circulating (in water and chemical reagents) in perforated polyethylene spheres with holes pass below the size of the same. We can say, that the new solution is opposite to the current of ion exchange solutions, where the resins are stopped and the liquid passes through them, both in the reaction phase than in those of washing and regeneration. With the system proposed resins are circulating in the water and in the regenerating liquid, at low speeds, with long contact times, which provide capillaries contacts. For the circulation exploit physical principles, not energy. Over 90% of energy produced in the plant can be transferred to public power networks. Therefore, the facility is composed of a chemical part, an electromechanical and a hydraulic.