Nano Filtration Prior to RO for Desalination Plant

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What are the benefits technically & commercially having Nano Filtration as Pre-Filtration to RO in Desalination Plants

2 Answers

  1. Nano filtration is been used as pre treatment for evaporation systems, in order to work with a higher temperature. As pre treatment for RO has not too much sense because both (NF and RO) are the same technology with some differences in product quality. Even in the case of a water with high hardness, the recovery of the NF is going to be small (The effect of the hardness in the brine is acute) and thus the total recovery of the system should be smaller than the one of a single stage of RO

  2. It depends upon the water analysis. Normally it would not be required, unless you have hardness to such an extent that only very low recovery thro RO is possible. It is otherwise uncommon to have NF prior to RO for desalination