All commercial irrigation systems deliver water to the soil. There are certain inherent problems with any such system. 1. As soon as water touches dry soil, it is drawn away by capillary action. Then most of it goes to the surface to evaporate or into the ground water table far below. 2. Water absorption by the root is a passive process via osmosis. Soil solution invariably contains solutes which produce a negative osmotic pressure that opposes absorption by the root. This is default osmotic resistance. 3. During hot, dry weather, the water demands of the plant increase. The water in contact with the root hairs is absorbed, leaving behind an even more concentrated soil solution. This is induced osmotic resistance. As a result, osmosis is reduced or even halted altogether. This is the reason why plants will wilt in hot, dry weather even though the soil is moist. There is a simple method to overcome osmotic resistance. Place part of the roots in soil, as usual, and the remainder in plain water. The results are remarkable, and can be seen here. http://www.directirrigationtechnology.com/ For a PowerPoint Presentation, go to this document: http://www.directirrigationtechnology.com/directirrigationtechnology.ppt I am not trying to sell anyone anything. I just want to tell people about a remarkable new irrigation system that uses less water than Drip Irrigation and stimulates plant grown as well. I would like to ask you to try it. I am willing to advise on the details by email at no charge. David F Mayer DavidFMayerPhD@ameritech.net