Climate change in reference to local ecology has become a topic of concern in recent times. The unplanned and imbalanced development had adversely affected the local ecosystems and has created challenges for natural resource management. The over-consumption of natural resources have put the local ecologies everywhere under distress. The fair and equitable distribution of natural resources and local biodiversity has become a prime concern. The control based governance approaches have failed over a period of time to effectively address the complexities of social-ecological systems. Two important factors here are - Role of small communities in ecosystems and a flexible and adaptive policy approach. It is a high time to go for adaptive governance models to promote resilience and sustainability in natural resource systems.