Water utilization

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During water scarcity especially in summers, as an individual household , what are the most effective and efficient way/techniques to treat or reuse water?

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12 Answers

  1. We should definitely use filtering membranes. For flow rates of 50 GPD, 75 GPD, 100 GPD, 125 GPD, 300 GPD, 400 GPD, and 500 GPD these membranes are more than adequate. They are, in reality, small household filters used to meet this type of demand since the exchange of the filter element is very easy. For larger flows, I believe that the international market already has an adequate solution.

  2. Water scarcity can be happened every year and this is not for a family,, all the community, building, hotel, school and housing complex will be suffered from shortage of water..
    Therefore, we recommend to install small capacity of dispersed water treatment plant ,, we  supply water treatment plant for river, reservoir, lake and stream to drinkable water by Plasma and nanobubble.   Please see  http://www.bbnworld.net/water/nanohydro_water.pdf

    Frank Choi/bbn@bbnworld.com

  3. Good Morning Geeta,

    There are three serious considerations concerning reuse water during water shortages.

    A)  Understand the difference between gray water (bathing) and black water (toilet, sewer).   Gray water may be utilized under specific conditions including as follows.

    B)  Water shortage due to drought conditions causes  a "tea kettle" effect resulting in concentration of inorganics and organics.  For example, when boiling off half a litre of water with 500 ppm TDS, doubles the TDS value 1000 ppm.  Elevated mineral content will be harmful to appliances, hot water heaters.  Higher concentrations are harmful to plants and grasses.    Phytoremediation is  the process of plants taking up inorganics and organics.  Elevated organics i.e. chemicals, pesticides, PFAS included.   It's important to know the organics before using on vegetable gardens.

    C)  Prolonged droughts often result in salt water intrusion in sea shore areas and can have widened lens several miles inland.  Depending on elevated concentrations of salts, short periods of bathing are possible.  Not for plants and grasses.

    There is much information on the internet about people living off grid and successfully utilizing gray water.  I respectfully recommend to research their personal experiences.

    Warmest regards,

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  4. Not sure for what purpose you are asking this: city applications or rural applications, developed areas or developing areas to help them become self-reliant.

    We did several fruitful projects in rural areas of Sri Lanka with internationally known foundation http://lankarainwater.org/wp/?page_id=364. Check out their website for links, ways to calculate how large your catchment area should be versus climatic data (dry/wet season) versus size of the (cheap) tank and efficient first flush to prevent dirt coming into the (above or underground) tank  AND prevent mosquitos to infest the water (Dengue/malaria). AS another application of the water you could consider gardening high added value crops.

    Sri Lanka has a more than 3000 years (also Royal) history of the early Kings to invest in catchment of rainwater, and using that for agriculture. SO they do know one or two things.

     

    Good luck 

  5. I agree with comments below, Look around your house and determine those activities that require water. In low water availability areas things like zero scaping. Eliminating grass and outdoor plants, do not wash vehicles, Bath on a schedule and timed.  collect rain water in areas that this is legal. use water conservative toilets, There are water conserving faucets and appliances also. There are things that can be done without money like placing a brick into the tank on a toilet to not allow for as much water consumption. Don't let water run. Honestly these things should be done even when water is not scarce. It is our responsibility to conserve and protect these resources.

  6. Would like to know more about the source of water especially during the summer season and its quantity. It is always better to go for community level treatment and reuse mechanism rather than individual house holds as options are quite limited.
    Also solutions may differ in rural as well as in urban areas depending on the availability of basic infrastructure.
    There are solutions available and if you can share some insight on above point I could suggest the better applicable solutions.

  7. If the home elects to maintain a landscape, which is the source for doubling residential consumption every summer, incorporate xeriscape design, limit lawn area to shaded zones, plant select shade trees (requires some water but provides shade and lowers water demand in surrounding area. Use drip irrigation. Greywater use is a more reliable source than extensive rainwater capture investment. Yes collect and use rainwater  simply and passively but if it was raining sufficiently to irrigate a water hogging landscape materials you wouldn't be in a water scarcity situation. My response is in the context of arid land, adaptive response to drought. The measures for water conservation are not the same for water emergency shortage. Hopefully the prior will avert the later. :)

    Feel free to contact me for indoor best practices, more about outdoor how to's, and cost effective municipal water conservation programs that work without rebates.

    Aqueously,  Joshua

  8. They exist numerous options, the majority of structural type and therefore once applied are useful along all the year:
    - Taps of showers, kitchens, toilets... With systems of aireators (reduce the discharge in spite of that visually "seems" a big water jet.
    - Use of grey waters (wash basin and showers) for uses no drinkable (WC and irrigation).
    - Use of water of rain, together with the grey waters, for uses no drinkable.
    - Treatment "in situ" of the waters used to avoid his poured, using them mainly in irrigation.

    To urban level the proposal of an alternative network of water recovered can be useful to zones with shortage, as they are the arid and of Mediterranean climate zones.

    Increase the water cost is, also an interesting approach, to impulse water consumption reduction, that has been useful in Catalonia.

  10. Rain water collection and reuse 

  11. Rain water harvesting for storing rain water and then re use it in lawn or kitchen farming if you can afford it or build one and also if climate conditions are such that you will get rainy seasons even in summers then go for it. it can be a simple drum strong rain water.. as maria mentioned using water generated from washing, sinks, cleaning, or dish washing can be used in purposes like flushing, it's not recommended to re use in kitchen gardening as it might attract insects and try not to store grey water for more than 24 hours and make sure that soil absorbs the water you are re using to avoid such problems. 

  12. If possible, use shower/bath wastewater to flush your toilet. It will save you about 30% of your water consumption.