Micro organism removed by membranes, scientific reports

Question

I am in need of independent scientific test reports to proof the efficency of membranes in removing virus and bacteria. 
Your help much appreciated.

Lin JYH-YAN · Answer

1.You may test the total plate counting, to check the bacteria before and after the ​membranes.
2.The virus could not remove by membranes, because of size of virus is too small to filter.

Dr Harshvardhan Modak · Answer

We have utilized RO membranes for extraction of reuse quality water from effluents in a number of cases. The extracted water in some cases was to be used for fermentation purpose. The production chemists were skeptic about suitability of such recovered water for fermentation, fearing contamination. In view of their reluctance, we carried out special microbiological analysis of the same. We found that immediately after emergence of permeate (i.e. recovered reuse quality water) from Membranes, it was completely sterile. Secondly the same permeate, was kept for few hours & for a day. The microbiological contamination was absent for few hours. The contamination arose only after storage of the extracted water (i.e. permeate) for a day or so, for obvious reasons. This experiment was carried out at number of different sites & at different effluents. The results were same. The permeate was completely sterile immediately after emergence from membranes. Of course the sampling in such experiments must be done into sterile containers & fully observing the guidelines for such sampling.
In general, as regards membranes, the microbiological contamination gets cut off by using Ultrafiltration, Nanofiltration & Reverse Osmosis. However microfiltration membranes do not cut off the microbiological contamination. 
Hope this is useful for your purpose. The proof of the pudding is in eating. So we carried out actual experiments to verify the desired.

Don Sharpe · Answer

Practical experience has shown that bacteria can grow through RO membranes and due to the size will not remove viruses due to pore size.  They will reduce bacterial numbers so disinfect but the higher the numbers before the membrane the more will be found afterwards.  UV after the membranes will inactivate viruses and again reduce bacterial numbers but unless a material such as chlorine is used after that there is nothing to prevent growth of bacteria after UV.  Neither RO nor UV have a residual effect.  It does depend on what you are trying to achieve.

Fisicoquímicos EDAR · Answer

You can search information with Reverse Osmosis Process.
Regards.

Kottarathodi Ravikumar · Answer

Also please search the topic nano   fibrous membrane u will get many research papers . I'm sure.

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