Questions & Answers

Off-grid Water Collection, Treatment and Use

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I am looking for an entirely self-contained solution to off-grid living.  The source of water will be from rainwater capture only and must serve all domestic ...

Technology Rainwater Harvesting Composting Toilet Treatment Methods Water Reuse & Recycling Water Treatment & Control Water Reclamation Water Treatment Solutions Grey Water Waterless Sanitation

UV Disinfection, Residual Chlorine Dose and the Contact Tank

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In my organization there are some treatment plants with UV disinfection + residual chlorine dose + contact tank. Lately it has been questioned whether the ...

Technology Treatment Methods Chlorine Dioxide Water Treatment & Control UV Disinfection Ultraviolet Chlorination Ultraviolet Water Treatment Solutions Chlorine Dioxide Treatment

Domestic Wastewater Treatment

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Domestic Wastewater Treatment

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How do I figure out the most suitable treatment process (activate sludge, trickling filter) according to the composition of the domestic wastewater? Is there a ...

Non Profit Treatment Methods Sludge Treatment Sludge Management Waste Water Treatments Filters Wastewater Treatment Filtration Solutions Biological Treatment Water Treatment Solutions Sludge Treatment & Management

Natural Drinking Water System for Schools

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We are looking for an energy-efficient and natural drinking water treatment system for several schools with about 1000 pupils and 100 teachers. The available ...

Technology Drinking Water Security Treatment Methods Heavy Metal Removal Drinking Water Treatment Water Treatment & Control Vortex Water Treatment Solutions Groundwater Resource

Effect of Ultrasound on Algae

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How exactly does ultrasound affect the algae in lakes? What happens to algae on the molecular level? Which frequencies are used and how do they affect the ...

Technology Algae Eutrophication Lake Management Aquatic Environment Algae Treatment

High TDS in Brewery Effluent

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I work in Brewery Effluent in Nigeria and total dissolved solids (TDS) have been a major challenge (1600 ppm). I introduced adsorption, it was able to remove ...

Technology Effluent Treatment Methods Water Treatment & Control Waste Water Treatments Wastewater Treatment Water Treatment Solutions Effluent Water Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)

Activated Sludge SBR

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How can I RE-SEED my ​SBR that has ​potentially ​dead biomass ? I would like to implement this in a location without other fully functioning waste water ...

Technology Anaerobic Digestion Biological Treatment Sludge Separation Sludge Treatment Sludge Management Sludge Drying Waste Water Treatments Wastewater Treatment Biological Treatment Sludge Treatment & Management

Legionella bacteria and Scaling Problems

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I have a problem with scale which has caused the formation of Legionella bacteria in my water cooling towers.  How can I get rid of the bacteria most ...

Academic Bacteria Treatment Water Treatment & Control Scale & Corrosion Cooling Systems Corrosion Prevention

Water Treatment for Reuse

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What is the relationship between treated wastewater, water reuse and drinking water? What are the best treatment methods for treating wastewater so it is ...

Technology Irrigation Treatment Treatment Methods Drinking Water Treatment Water Reuse & Recycling Water Treatment & Control Waste Water Treatments Water Reclamation Wastewater Treatment Water Treatment Solutions Industrial Water Reuse Waste Water Reclaimation

Chlorine Gas Overdose

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If I add chlorine gas to the water at a dose that exceeds the required rate, how do I treat the water to decrease the concentration of chlorine in water?  ...

Academic Treatment Methods Chlorine Dioxide Water Treatment & Control Purification Chlorination Chlorine Dioxide Treatment Water Purification

RO for Sodium-free Water

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What is the best reverse osmosis (RO) system to get sodium-free water?  What should be the specifics of the RO system to achieve extremely low levels of sodium ...

Technology Standards & Quality Treatment Methods Water Treatment & Control Purification Reverse Osmosis Quality Water Quality Reverse Osmosis Quality Maintenance Water Quality Management Water Purification

Removing Nitrates and Nitrites from Borehole Water Without Ion Exchange Resins

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Are there cheaper and more durable methods of removing Nitrate and Nitrite from borehole water other than ion exchange resins? We are faced with very high ...

Technology Treatment Ion Exchange Treatment Methods Water Treatment & Control Purification Organic Chemicals Water Purification Water Treatment Systems

Economical Iron Removal from Water

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We have a deep well with the following water characteristics: Very high turbidity Chloride (as Cl) - 380 ppm Free Ammonia (as NH3) - 2.63 ppm Total Iron (as ...

Technology Treatment Heavy Metal Removal Drinking Water Treatment Purification Reverse Osmosis Households Treatments Inorganic Chemicals water treatment Water Purification Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)

CAPEX Range for a 10 MLD STP?

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I am doing a survey but I am quite confused by the capital expenditure (CAPEX) figures of sewage treatment plants (STP) in different countries. For example, I ...

Business Sewage Treatment Sludge Treatment Sludge Management Sewage Sewer Networks Finance and Markets Finance Sludge Treatment & Management